The moment the jewish state had been proclamed in may 1948, the door was opened for the hundreds of thousands of. The irgun, the underground jewish military force, was buoyed by its military victories in the spring and finally declared independence. Following an increase in arab attacks, the british. The term jewish state has been in common usage in the media since the establishment of israel, and the term was used interchangeably with israel. This declaration of independence, in 1948, triggered a war with the surrounding countries, which objected to the presence of a jewish state. On may 14, 1948, david bengurion, the chairman of the jewish agency for palestine, announced the formation of the state of israel, declaring. The british mandate over palestine officially terminated at midnight, may 14, 1948. There is no record of who attended the meeting, but 350 invitations were sent out instructing the recipients to keep the information secret. Israel created a jewish state, and my grandmother was made. The origins of the arab jewish conflict over palestine. Zionism as an organized movement is generally considered to have been founded by theodor herzl in 1897. If you are interested in a factual book written by someone non partisan then look no further than this book here.
The history of the nation of israel was recorded in what we now call the hebrew bible. Zionism, jewish nationalist movement that originated in eastern and central europe in the latter part of the 19th century that has had as its goal the creation and support of a jewish national state in palestine, the ancient homeland of the jews. This eventually led to a civil war in israel between the jews and palestinians, and the mandate stated that there should be a national homeland for the jewish people. The miracle of israel 19451948 part 6 of rabbi berel weins groundbreaking documentary film series faith and fate is now released, capturing the two most monumental events in recent jewish history the holocaust and the birth of the state of israel. The book traces the history of the jewish state from the formation of the modern zionist movement in the late 19th.
On 14 may 1948, on the day the last british forces left from haifa, the jewish peoples council gathered at the tel aviv museum and proclaimed the establishment of a jewish state in eretz israel, to be known as the state of israel. It is here that the culture and religious identity of the jewish people was formed. What i got, instead, was a pretty evenhanded treatment of the events. How come history tells us that the formation of israel was. Tobin, the jewish exponent as israel celebrates six decades of reborn existence on may 14 and books about it cascade into stores, the most important among them is benny morriss 1948. If the present generation is too dull to understand. On may 14, 1948, david bengurion, the head of the jewish agency, proclaimed the establishment of the state of israel. On november 29th, 1947 the united nations general assembly passed a resolution calling for the establishment of a jewish state in israel. Herzls famed book reads more like a manual to colonize a land the way christians had but for jews, than a jewish national liberation movement. Postwar refugee crisis and the establishment of the state of israel.
Learn more about the history of zionism in this article. Jewish people were able to be a nation in its own sovereign state stateofisrael. For example, in the book jerusalem countdown, clergyman john hagee states. Issued at tel aviv on may 14, 1948 5th of iyar, 5708. In october 1944, the us office of strategic services described the irgun tsvai leumi national military organization as an underground, quasimilitary organization with headquarters in palestine fanatical zionists who wish to convert palestine and transjordan into an independent jewish state advocate the use of force both against the arabs and the british to achieve this. More than twothirds of jewish displaced persons in europe also arrive in the jewish state between 1948 and 1951. The land of israel, also known as the holy land or palestine, is the birthplace of the jewish people, the place where the final form of the hebrew bible is thought. As we shall see, many of ezekiels key predictions relate directly to prophecies of 1948. She was 14, the youngest of 11 siblings from a middleclass christian family. On may 15, 1948, the day that armies from the surrounding countries invaded, azzam pasha, the secretary general of the arab league, said this will be a war of extermination and a momentous massacre. Jews and arabs under the british mandate by tom segev, translated by haim watzman.
This is the first fullscale history of the only organized american jewish opposition to zionism during the 1940s. The history of israel a chronological presentation 3. On may 14, 1948, in tel aviv, jewish agency chairman david bengurion proclaims the state of israel, establishing the first jewish state in 2,000 years. Israels impact on the middle east, 194898 britannica. It was the greatest moment in prophetic history of the twentieth century.
Postwar refugee crisis and the establishment of the state. If you didnt know it, let me try to summarise it briefly. The visions of future events that are described within its pages are rich with metaphors and symbolic action, all of them flowing to the beat of a loving but jealous god. A concise history of a nation reborn by daniel gordis oct. The 1948 or first arabisraeli war was the second and final stage of the 194749 palestine war. The related term jewish and democratic state dates from 1992 legislation by the israeli knesset. In 1948, the state of israel was formed to give which group. Zionist leaders moved to establish a modern jewish state. What is a good nonpartisan book about the history of. Creation of israel, 1948 on may 14, 1948, david bengurion, the head of the jewish agency, proclaimed the establishment of the state of israel. From there the jewish state extends northwest, following the boundary described in respect of the arab state.
The arabs were opposed to jewish immigration to palestine and stepped up their attacks against the jews. On may 14, 1948, in tel aviv, jewish agency chairman david bengurion proclaims the state of israel, establishing the first jewish state in 2000 years. In 1942, a number of dissident reform rabbis founded the american council for judaism, the first and only jewish organization created to fight against zionism and the establishment of a jewish state. The state of israel was created for numerous political reasons as well as the desire to provide a homeland for the jewish people. Left behind in war, palestinian books sit in israeli. Modern israel came into existence on 14 may 1948 as the homeland for the jewish people. But herzls work pushed the formation of a political movement to establish a jewish homeland in palestine.
It was also defined in its declaration of independence as a jewish state, a term that appeared in the united nations partition decision of 1947 as well. There were several proposals for a jewish state in the course of jewish history between the destruction of ancient israel and the founding of the modern state of israel. A brief history of israel the history of the jewish people, and their roots in the land of israel, spans thirtyfive centuries. Over the following months the armed wing of the proisrael movement, which had long been preparing for war, perpetrated a series of massacres and expulsions throughout palestine, implementing a plan to clear the way for a majorityjewish state. The bad news is that of the more than one hundred nations created in the twentieth century, only israel could be subject of such a book, which considers the countrys very existence a matter of controversy, its foundational ideas a subject for moral debate.
A documentary history sources in modern jewish history eran kaplan, derek j. In the aftermath, as benny morris relates in 1948, the concept of a jewish homeland in the middle east, originating with the balfour declaration by british foreign secretary arthur balfour in 1917. Some evangelical protestants believe that the modern state of israel thus fulfilled a bible prophecy. Oct 11, 2011 the passage of the general assembly recommendation sparked increased violence in the region. Zionist leader david bengurion 18861973 served as head of the prestate government. In addition, the targeted assassinations were directed against uncooperative jews during the phase of zionist consolidation 1930s and 40s. On may 14, 1948 david bengurion, israels first prime minister, read the israeli declaration of independence to the public. Now he announced the formation of the state of israel, the first independent jewish state in nineteen centuries of history, by reading out a proclamation.
The zionist project were i to sum up the basel congress in a wordit would be this. By virtue of the natural and historic right of the jewish people and by resolution of the general assembly of the united nations, we hereby proclaim the establishment of a jewish state in. Its major section, titled controversies surrounding the creation of the state of israel offers personal perspectives on those documents by diplomats, writers, and citizens. It would be unfair to expect a balanced view of the 1948 israeliarab war from a jewish author, and i picked up the book specifically to get the israeli point of view. In the early 19th century, the napoleonic wars led to the idea of jewish. Later on there was a mass migration due to the holocaust and wwii. Until 1948, jewish help was the only encouragement abdullah had for attaining his goals in palestine. On may 14, 1948, on the day in which the british mandate over a palestine expired, the jewish peoples council gathered at the tel aviv museum, and approved.
Though loy henderson and others in the state department had insisted that a jewish state would compromise the position of the us in the middle east, the opposite position was equally tenable. The new state 1947 1957 david bengurion reads israels. Ezekiel lived through some of the most trying times in jewish history. Another subcommittee was to study the proposal of establishing a unitary state in palestine in which the democratic constitution would guarantee the human rights and fundamental freedom of all its. It formally began following the end of the british mandate for palestine at midnight on 14 may 1948.
Here their spiritual, religious and national identity was formed. Featured, israel, spring 2017 no comments yet for the independence tiyul, our class was given the opportunity to visit the israeli tank museum, yad lashiryon latrun. The declaration of the establishment of the state of israel. Jewish population in the world and in israel, israeli central bureau of statistics table 2. Does bible prophecy point to the modern state of israel. On the 23 rd day of september 1947, the general assembly assigned the question of partitioning of palestine to its ad hoc committee. It depends on the jews themselves whether this political pamphlet remains for the present a political romance. In 1942, a number of dissident reform rabbis founded the american council for judaism, the first and only jewish organization created to.
Israels population tops 9 million as jewish new year approaches, times of israel, september 26, 2019. If i said this out loud today 1897 i would be answered by universal laughter. Killings and massacres during the 1948 palestine war. In 1948, the state of israel was formed by the zionist movement which began in europe at the turn of the the 19th century to form the state of israel. Encyclopedia of jewish and israeli history, politics and culture, with biographies, statistics, articles and documents on topics from antisemitism to zionism. While the jewish population in palestine and abroad was overjoyed at the creation of a jewish state in the holy land, the existing arab population of palestine was outraged. Trumans support for a jewish state had evolved over time, shaped by a number of factors. In 1947, most of the spiritually blind nations that comprise the united nations adopted a partition plan for palestine that called for the creation of a jewish state. On may 14, 1948 israels first prime minister, david bengurion, proclamed the establishment of the new jewish republic. Over the following months the armed wing of the proisrael movement, which had long been preparing for war, perpetrated a series of massacres and expulsions throughout palestine, implementing a plan to clear the way for a majority jewish state. The focus of the book is not about the land of israel, in fact, herzl is indifferent to the jewish state being in palestine or in argentina. How did the holocaust impact the formation of israel as a.
Zionist leader david bengurion 18861973 served as head of the pre state government. The holocaust, the horrific event that placed an enormous impact on jewish people, played a role in the creation of the state of israel. The claim for recognition of israel as a jewish state. Although it touts itself as a concise history of israel, the author has packed a lot of information and thoughtful analysis in this 546page book. In practice, however, no inherent contradiction exists between recognizing the right of the jewish people to selfdetermination in the state in which it con. Creation of israel, 1948 office of the historian us department of. The land of israel was the birthplace of the jewish people. While some of those have come into existence, others were never implemented. Their history and presence in this land has been continuous and unbroken throughout the centuries, even after the majority of jews were. May 06, 2008 the state of israel was proclaimed on 14 may 1948, the culmination of nearly 2,000 years of hopes by jewish people that they would one day return to the land from which the romans expelled them. Unknown to him, as the battle over the creation of the jewish state raged, teams of israeli librarians and soldiers were collecting tens of thousands of books from palestinian homes in jerusalem.
This is what is written about this book in amazon from time immemorial. After the arabs rejected the united nations decision to partition palestine and create a jewish state, however, the jews of the arab lands became targets of their own governments antizionist fervor. The catastrophe which recently befell the jewish people the massacre of millions of jews in europe was another clear demonstration of the urgency of solving the problem of its homelessness by reestablishing in eretzisrael the jewish state, which would open the gates of the homeland wide to every jew and confer upon the jewish people the. Killings and massacres during the 1948 palestine war resulted in the deaths of hundreds of civilians and unarmed soldiers historians disagree concerning the effect these killings and massacres had on the 1948 palestinian exodus and if whether or not these killings and massacres were carried out with the intent of hastening it. Proclamation of the new jewish state the new york times. David bengurion, one of the leading promoters of a jewish nation state, was given the title of prime minister. Readers can do no better that to go to a new authoritative source about the beginnings of the israeli state, benny morris 1948. Israels population at 9,6,000 on the eve of 2020, jerusalem post, january 1, 2020. On the day the british mandate over palestine expired friday, may 14, 1948 the jewish peoples council gathered at the tel aviv museum to declare the establishment of the state of israel.
The formation of the israeli state 41 words 123 help me. The passage of the general assembly recommendation sparked increased violence in the region. This is significant because it is the precursor to the formation of israel in 1948. The united nations partition plan for palestine, which brought the british mandate to an end in 1948, referred to a jewish state and an arab state.
The next day the joint armies of egypt, jordan, syria, lebanon and iraq invaded the jewish state. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the question, how did the holocaust impact the formation of israel as a country in 1947. The jewish section of the coastal plain extends from a point between minat et qila and nabi yunis in the gaza subdistrict and includes the towns of haifa and telaviv, leaving jaffa as an enclave of the arab state. Foundation of the state of israel richard cavendish describes the formation of the state of israel, proclaimed by david bengurion, on may 14th, 1948. How zionist terrorism determined palestines fate the.
Establishment of the state of israel, five countries of the newly formed arab. In the year 5657 1897, at the summons of the spiritual father of the jewish state, theodore herzl, the first zionist congress. May 14, 2015 every year, on may 15, i ask my grandmother to tell me the story of how she was made homeless. Kolsky examines the neglected phenomenon of jewish antizionism, its roots, and its results. This recognition by the general assembly, combined with that of the united states and the ussr, paved the way for david ben gurion to announce the formation of the israeli state on may 14th, 1948. In 1948, israel officially became an independent nation. A year later, on may 14, 1948, an edomite state was reestablished in the exact place that it had occupied from 37 bc to 70 ad. What history is that, to which your question refers.
David ben gurion reads out the proclamation of independence and creation of the jewish state of israel, 1948. This momentous occasion had been recorded by the pen of the prophet isaiah, saying, a nation shall be born in a day. Every year, on may 15, i ask my grandmother to tell me the story of how she was made homeless. A homeland for the jewish people is an idea rooted in jewish culture and religion. In 1945, roughly 1 million jews lived peacefully in the various arab states of the middle east, many of them in communities that had existed for thousands of years. Creation of israel, 1948 united states department of state. The following day war erupted when egypt, transjordan, iraq, syria, and lebanon. On may 15, 1948, immediately following the declaration of the state of israel as seen in document 1. Jul 28, 2019 state of israel proclaimed on may 14, 1948, in tel aviv, jewish agency chairman david bengurion proclaims the state of israel, establishing the first jewish state in 2,000 years. The jewish state by theodor herzl goodreads share book. The holocaust of european jewry in the second world war strengthened their determination. Hundreds of thousands of middle eastern jews will eventually resettle in the jewish state, driven by mounting persecution and expulsion prompted by israels establishment.